

1221 Lamar, Suite 950
Houston, TX 77010
phone (713) 210-8000
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Case Analysis of Altra®
Team Members:
Yu-Ru Chen
Atiga Dechawatanapisal
Samantha McIntosh
Mathew Mitchell
Kulchalee Nilprapa
Jason Sisler
Qin Qian
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History of Altra® |
During the early 1990’s, E. Russell Braziel was the Vice President of Texaco Inc.’s energy marketing group. During his tenure, Braziel witnessed the complicated error-prone manual process by which energy was traded. In the 1990’s, Braziel accepted a position as manager for Williams Company, an energy pipeline and telecommunications company. In this organization, Braziel worked towards achieving a new energy exchange platform. "The Williams Co. started the beginning of an energy trading network on the back of their bandwidth private network. But it was only a trading platform to match buyers and sellers" states Braziel
"In 1995, these teams developed a business-to-business e-commerce strategy… into what is believed to be the first metamediary"
Duke Energy Corporation of Charlotte, North Carolina, the provider of The Williams Company network fulfillment software merged with the Williams Company. In 1997, Altra was created within the Williams company and gained independence by accepting limited equity investments from energy companies and venture capital firms.

Altra developed user-friendly trading software specially formulated for the energy industry. With this software was a complementing service organization to the users. Altra was the introduction of a new sector with an electronic platform within the energy exchange industry.
Altra has continued to see growth since its conception. Revenues grew 55% from 1998 to 1999, and they have survived the recent downturn in Internet based companies. With Altra ’s unique design, Altra has found a path that brings buyers and sellers of bulk energy together in an open market, offering lower transaction fees than the traditional energy brokers. A parallel can be placed between E-trade and Altra. As E-trade opens the stock market for more users, Altra opens the market for B2B energy needs. They open the market by offering an exchange medium for gas, electricity, and liquids, such as petroleum or oils.
Altra defines itself as "A private company of 260 energy and technology professionals based in Houston, Texas. Our electronic marketplace and end-to-end suite of software products and services are used by energy companies around the globe to trade, schedule, transport, and account for energy transactions. Our systems allow for electronic integration between deal capture, portfolio monitoring, physical scheduling and back office reconciliation."
The current leadership of Altra includes:
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Competition |
Altra faces a challenge, not only from other online energy trading companies such as Houston Street Exchange, but also from US energy services such as Enron Online. In additon, new entrants in commodity trading such as True-Quote and RedMeteor.com are offering more advanced technology and different business models. Top companies like BP Amoco and Dutch/Shell to US gas and power firms are responding to the industry by planning e-commerce ventures with their consortium. Altra’s strengh has lead them through this competitive atmosphere into a position maintaining over half of the country’s sport market natural gas liquids in 2000. Currently, Altra has 10% of the natural gas market.

Designed by and for power traders, Houston Street Exchange is a majority-owned subsidiary of BayCorp Holding, Ltd. Houston Street represents the first fully Web-based trading platform that serves as a portal for the power traders. This platform allows the traders easy access to critical weather energy news, global marketing, financial information and other direct links necessary for trading electricity. Traders use HoustonStreet.com to obtain real-time pricing and to receive the most informed deals over the Internet. HoustonStreet.com also tracks all the bidding processes, posts offers, and sets bids to time out to prevent any discrepancies.
Houston Street’s Crude trading platform is designed specifically for trading U.S. domestic crude oil. On the trading platform, the user can view grades, locations, delivery periods and price basis, with sharpest market bids and offers display side by side. A power trader can build on a trade and negotiate with any bid or offer, as well as create, modify, cancel or hold any positions. Their Refine Product trading platform allows users to customize and view trading activities, enhancing the focus on the locations and products most frequently traded. Houston Street has also designed a user loyalty program to reward traders based on their site usage.
Enron is one of the world’s leading electricity, natural gas and communications companies. Enron markets electricity and natural gas, delivers physical commodities and financial and risk management services to customers around the world. Enron is currently developing an intelligent network platform to facilitate online business and has more natural gas-fired independent power plants than any other company in the world. Together, these worldwide plants have the capacity to generate 10,610 MW of electric power. As a power marketer, allowing Enron’s sales to reach over 400 million MW hours in 1998, more than all other U.S. independent power marketers.
Enron online is Enron’s B2B website. This website covers markets all over the world including gas, power, oil and refined products, plastics, petrochemicals, liquid petroleum gases, natural gas liquids, coal, emission allowances, bandwidth, pulp and paper, metals, weather derivatives, credit derivatives, and steel. Enron Online covers virtually every major energy market in the world. It offers not only real time pricing, but also fast, free, secured execution. Enron also provides market news and quotes, industry publications, weather information, including complete customization capabilities. Complete Customization allows the customer the ability create different page tabs for the products of interest. Through this design, customers are able to control which of their employees can access Enron Online, specify whether they can execute transactions, and, designate which commodities they're authorized to trade.
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Designed by market participants, True-Quote offers comprehensive, real time trading information combined with online execution to enable energy professionals anywhere to know the current state of the market, and to act on it. The system provides current data and utilizes a "push" technology to ensure instantaneous updates. True-Quote's participants "paint the screen" so you can see the true picture of the entire market, and online trading on firm numbers. An open architecture allows anyone currently trading in the energy market to post bids and offers and to transact upon those orders directly (online trading) or to complete the transaction. The advanced technology behind True-Quote allows for easy customization between commodities. The suite of products will initially include True-Quote for Natural Gas, True-Quote for Power and True-Quote for Coal. Other commodities will soon follow. True-Quote provide a customized application, making it perfect for forward price curves and "at risk" calculations.
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RedMeteor.com is the first energy-trading site to offer multiple commodity options, personalization, real time communications and universal data compatibility all on single neutral platform. It operates an integrated broke-enabled digital marketplace for energy industry and constructing digital marketplaces for third parties. RedMeteor markets crude oil, refined products, natural gas, natural gas liquid and power with more than two billion-dollar transactions each month. Technology and unsurpassed broker knowledge is the core focus for RedMeteor.
The company also licenses ReDEX, an internet-base exchange engine, and TRANSTORE, a private-commodity marketplace software. "Exchange Engine" targets companies seeking to create an anonymous online wholesale commodity marketplace. RedMetor’s "Branded Marketplace" targets companies that are active in commodity trading and seek to create private marketplace with their targeted customer. RedMeteor’s trading platform allows customers to select designed counter parties on a real-time basis to avoid transactions with high-risk companies.
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Analysis |
The initial attempt in electronic trading system was Electronic Data Interchange, EDI. EDI runs through private communication networks or VANs among the larger players in the industry. With the adoption of Internet and the deregulation of energy, an electronic trading system is no longer the niche for these companies. Rusty Braziel saw the potential in Internet technology and initiated an online open exchange platform for energy trading, Altra® Market Place.
Altra enables buyers and sellers to bid and exchange energy commodities simultaneously, reducing acquisition time and costs, while remaining anonymous until a transaction is secured. Altra offers three initiatives: e-Gas for natural gas exchange, e-Liquids for trading natural gas liquids such as methane, propane and butane, and e-Power for electricity. In 2000 alone, Altra witnessed a 20 percent revenue increase in Altra Market Place. The company has received numerous designations from industry experts:
Anonymity
One distinct feature in Altra Market Place is anonymity. Altra allows participants to discreetly sell or buy without disturbing the market. The anonymity of trading parties enable a buyer who is acquiring a large quantity to break the demanded quantity into smaller procurements and trade under fair market price. Where as in the case of phone trades, the buyer is immediately identified and the supplier would have raised the price of the commodity in demand.
Credit Assurance
One major concern in the anonymous market environment is the participants’ credibility. Altra has enhanced consumer confidence by offering a software system to manage credit and risk exposure online, and provide insurance-based credit protection to the customers. When a user first enters Altra Market Place, he/she is prompted to set up the desired viewing criteria. The counter parties will then display on the screen based on his/her parameters. In addition, Altra takes responsibility for title and settlement of the shipment, in an effort to reduce perceived risk and to provide ownership for the completion of the process.
Physical Delivery
The exchange of energy does not end once the transaction is completed. Once completed, Altra provides additional services to facilitate the delivery process. Altra offers scheduling and aggregation facilities to most of the major energy hubs. This information is sent to the information systems of the seller and traders automatically, allowing the immediate transfer of resources.
Add-on Value Services
Besides the online exchange portal, Altra offers software solutions and integration services to better the energy industry. Altra Market Tool, a suite of front, middle, and back-end software solutions. This software provides assistance from scheduling, risk management to invoicing. My Altra, a personalized content portal, enable customers to access industry specific information such as NYMEX pricing, news, and events to enhanced analysis decision making. The latest venture of Altra E-Business Solutions, a cooperation with Epicentric, creates proprietary, customer-branded portal applications for energy companies that help them enhance customer interaction and reduce operation cost.
Advertising Strategy
Altra uses traditional-media based for advertisements. They consistently and continuously appeared in four to five trade and business publications that best target their audience, and, at the same time, offering them editorial opportunities. They also engage in annual industry trade shows, speak at industry conference, and sponsor local and national events and charity functions.
Revenue Channels
On the exchange, Altra assesses a transaction fee as well as subscription fee from the customers. In addition, a great portion of revenue comes from software license and e-business solution integration. The software and services together represent more than half of Altra ’s annual revenue. The initial software license fee average from $200,000 to $400,000.
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Partners |
Altra has formed several partnerships that have helped in establishing it as a leader in industry. Altra has partnered with Epicentric, Inc. to give companies a faster track for implementing e-business strategies, and improving operations. Through Altra and Epicentric’s partnership, a base for constructing EtoE solutions for Altra’s clientele will be provided.
Altra has alliances with two software distributors. One is Sema UK, which handles Western and Eastern Europe, the Middle East, and Africa, and the other is ITS Mexico, which covers all of Central and South America. Both provide installations, training, modifications, warranty, maintenance, and support services.
Epiko supplies support and maintenance for the TranEnergy products offered by Altra, currently assists in developing the EII compliant versions of the Altra Web product. Epiko also provides continuous development and maintenance of Altra Web Capacity Release products. In addition, Epiko collaborates with Altra engineering staff in efforts to provide optimal solutions.
Junot Systems provides Enterprise Integration Application solutions, which simplifies the process of connecting and integrating enterprise applications. In addition to working with Junot Systems, Altra is a Microsoft® Certified Solutions Provider and has a technological alliance with Microsoft® as well. This provides for technical assistance and direction on the development and deployment of applications using Microsoft® technology architecture.
Altra, Amerex, and Predon energy launched Altra de Power in an effort to provide the wholesale power industry with a single-point transaction liquidity. This organization is able to provide the tools necessary to compete in today’s ever moving and unstable marketplace.
Lastly, Pros Revenue Management provides revenue management applications for Altra. Pros is continually working on bringing together revenue management tools and Altra’s transaction management software suite.
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Critical Success Factors |
eCommerce is progressing quickly in high-potential energy markets like natural gas and eletricity segments where total business trade exceeded $750 billion in 1998.
Distribution is regulated, but product is not
The Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (FERC) is forcing a separation between the sale of energy products and the capacity to move them from one location to another. As this action unlocks access to gas pipelines and electric grids, the market will open up for new online energy intermediaries.
Customer Choice
The success factors for the energy online market are offering the customer more efficient, better customer service, and reduce processing cost. Today, the customer is choosing an energy provider other than utility, the choice to select a pricing and payment plan from a myriad of products created in a competitive marketplace. The energy industry can provide this choice by using the tools of electronic commerce for their maximum utility.
Efficient electronic commerce
Energy marketing companies that survive, or even thrive, in this competitive environment recognize that energy marketing is an information business, a business whose basic assets are people, communications and information systems. As the energy business becomes increasingly dependent on efficient electronic commerce, the systems used to handle those transactions will singularly shape not only new opportunities evident in the evolutionary markets, but define each participant's competitive advantage in that market place. Electronic commerce has provided the opportunity for industry participants to conduct energy transactions more efficiently, rapidly and cost effectively. With transaction information being exchanged by computers in an aggregation of a second, energy marketing companies can now offer improved choices and greater selections for their customers.
Smooth industry-wide volatility
Unpredictable factors like weather, plant capacity, and customer demand can cause dramatic imbalances between supply and demand in industries like energy and paper. A key component in the success of industry has been taken hold in these environments by maintaining real-time connections across a large population of ready buyer and sellers. Online markets like Altra Energy, for instance, will allow participants in Detroit to quickly purchase excess energy supply in Illinois when a cold snap hits Michigan.
Value-added services
Online intermediaries have flourished by automating transactions and simplifying information gathering. While these services have been sufficient to initiate early marketplaces on the net, They will quickly become commonplace.
Branding
Today utilities operate in a cost-plus world where margins are prescribed by regulators. As deregulation completes the cycle of separating energy sales from distribution, new online intermediaries will introduce marketing and branding into this flat landscape.
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Assessment and Projections |
"The future of the energy industry is about customer choice"
"Energy marketing companies that survive in this competitive environment recognize that energy marketing is an information business"
-Statements from Russell Braziel before the House of Representatives on Wednesday, July 15, 1998
Altra has had increased revenues of 20% in each of the last two years and 35% in 1998. Altra has also seen an increase of 35% in the volume of its natural gas platform (eGas) in 2000. In December of 2000 it set a monthly record of more than 8,000 trades of natural gas. ePower had the largest increase of all with an increase of 725% in just a little over a year of operations. Along with these increases, Altra is the only technology company offering an independent online trading exchange and software to help process the entire trade from ordering to accounting. Mr. Bourke states that, "we are continually developing technology that our customers can quickly deploy and that will integrate into their existing technology, whether it’s with one of our own products, a proprietary product or a third-party’s product."
Altra has done very well in its marketplace by being the first mover in many of its applications and is projected to post a profit for the first time in the first quarter of 2001(unlike other Internet companies such as the Amazon). According to their CEO Paul Bourke, Altra is in the correct place that it needs to be right now. With the present market changing and the futures landscape ever changing, Altra has positioned itself to be an industry leader. Altra is one of the first in its’ industry to understand the value of end-to-end transactions, being popular for its’ back-office software for energy traders, and being one of the first to introduce a very successful online trading platform. This has helped Altra meet the next big endeavor of the integration of transactional information into a flawless back office.
Mr. Bourke feels that over the next 24 months there will be a stream of consolidations between online exchange houses. In response to this, Altra has planned to spend 20% of its revenue on research and development over the current year. This strategy will change the focal point to middle and back office integration. Altra is turning its focus to the customers, trying to determine the best approach to incorporating customer concerns into the new and improved applications to help their customers carry out business operations better. To help Altra in this upcoming adventure, Mr. Bourke is trying to streamline his companies operations and prepare Altra for the much-anticipated IPO scheduled, possibly for the end of this year.
As in natural gas, the partnership of industry and government has promoted significant progress toward building an electronic commerce infrastructure in the electric power industry.
This partnership brings efficiency, accuracy and speed into the industry. These efforts enables new marketers and companies, like Altra, to collaborate in the creation of new leading providers of enter price software and electronic commerce solutions for the buying, selling, and transportation of energy
Altra has become recognized as the industry leader in e-commerce for the buying, selling, and transportation of energy.
Porter's 5 forces Analysis
:The Porter analysis of ALTRA helps determine the position of ALTRA within the energy marketplace. Below is a graphical representation of the facets ALTRA must contend with.
Since the energy market is highly regulated and requires specialize knowledge of the technology, the barrier to entry is considerably high compare to general information portal such as yahoo or vehicle broker portal such autobytel. Industry competitor rivalry and threat from substitutes, on the other hand, are the most significant forces on Altra. Any player in the energy industry especially those firms who were once the monopoly in the industry and have a lot of cash would not like the idea of having independent trading hub like Altra and would rather creating a subsidiary portal they can have control of. Besides direct competition, any content provider especially those specialized in energy exchanges would pose a threat to Altra as a substitute.
When it comes to alliances, continued partnerships with current alliances and continuing to make new alliances with other leading companies will only strengthen Altra's hold on the marketplace.
